🇨🇭 Switzerland
National FlagGeography & Borders
Introduction & Background
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located at the confluence of Western, Central and Southern Europe.f16 It is a federal republic composed of 26cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern.a32
Switzerland is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. It is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Alps and the Jura, spanning 41,285km2 (15,940sqmi) with land area comprising 39,997km2 (15,443sqmi). The Alps occupy the greater part of the territory.
Geography & Climate
Climate, weather, and air quality data are based on historical records for the coordinates of the capital city, Bern.
Temperature (2025)
-15°-5°5°15°25°
Jan
-8.3° / 1.4°
Feb
-8.1° / 2.7°
Mar
-5.4° / 4.1°
Apr
-2.2° / 8°
May
1.1° / 10.7°
Jun
8.2° / 19.2°
Jul
6.5° / 16.4°
Aug
8.1° / 18.6°
Sep
4.1° / 13.5°
Oct
-0.5° / 9.5°
Nov
-5.8° / 4.3°
Dec
-6.5° / 3.4°
Precipitation & Snow (2025)
Rain (mm) Snow (cm)
Atmospheric Pressure (2025)
832.9-4.7Jan
837-0.6Feb
832.5-5.1Mar
834.8-2.8Apr
837.7+0.1May
845.6+8Jun
841.8+4.2Jul
843+5.4Aug
841.1+3.5Sep
837.5-0.1Oct
832.8-4.8Nov
834.2-3.4Dec
Thunderstorm Days (2025)
0Jan
0Feb
0Mar
0Apr
0May
0Jun
0Jul
0Aug
0Sep
0Oct
0Nov
0Dec
Wind Speed (2025)
Air Quality — Monthly Averages (2025)
| Metric | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 μg/m³ | 2.6 | 4.4 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 6.2 | 2.8 | 5 | 3 | 3.7 |
| PM10 μg/m³ | 3.3 | 5.3 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 8.8 | 5.1 | 10.3 | 3.8 | 5.8 | 3.9 | 5 |
| O₃ μg/m³ | 70 | 76.2 | 77 | 81.1 | 77.5 | 73.8 | 70.3 | 72.1 | 58.9 | 62 | 61.8 | 63.8 |
| NO₂ μg/m³ | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 2.3 |
| SO₂ μg/m³ | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| CO μg/m³ | 133 | 146 | 156 | 133 | 121 | 127 | 122 | 130 | 119 | 117 | 119 | 118 |
Pollen Levels — Monthly (2025)
| Type | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grass | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 16 | 59 | 19 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Birch | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 38 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Alder | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ragweed | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mugwort | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Olive | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
⛰️ Highest Elevation
Dufourspitze(Monte Rosa)4634 m / 15,203 ft
- Map Locations: Google Maps | OpenStreetMap
People & Society
Total Population8,888,822Density: 224.98 / km²
Annual Growth Rate+1.26%Moderate Growth
Life Expectancy84.16 yrsAverage lifespan at birth
Fertility Rate1.33Births per woman