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🇵🇱 Poland

Flag of PolandNational Flag

Geography & Borders

BelarusBelarusCzechiaCzechiaGermanyGermanyLithuaniaLithuaniaRussiaRussiaSlovakiaSlovakiaUkraineUkraine

Introduction & Background

Poland,c officially the Republic of Poland,d is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of 312,696km2 (120,733sqmi). Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin.

Poland has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central European Plain, extending from Baltic Sea in the north to Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south. The longest Polish river is the Vistula, and Poland's highest point is Mount Rysy, situated in the Tatra mountain range of the Carpathians. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast,e Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. It also shares maritime boundaries with Denmark and Sweden.

Key Information
AttributeDetails
Official Name
Republic of Poland
Capital
Warsaw
Continent
Europe
Region / Subregion
Europe / Central Europe
Population
37,401,000
Area
312,679 km²
Languages
Polish
Currencies
Polish złoty (zł) [PLN]
Cost of Living
39.2 / 100 (Moderate)
Price per Coffee
$1.96
Price per Meal
$8.45
Timezones
UTC+01:00 (CET)
Bounding Box
Min: (49.03° N, 14.07° E)
Max: (54.85° N, 24.03° E)
Climate
Temperate
Terrain
swamps, level terrain, hills, mountains

Geography & Climate

Climate, weather, and air quality data are based on historical records for the coordinates of the capital city, Warsaw.

Temperature (2025)

-10°0°10°20°30°
Jan
-0.4° / 4.4°
Feb
-4.2° / 2.9°
Mar
1.6° / 11.7°
Apr
5.5° / 17.2°
May
6.7° / 16.6°
Jun
13.1° / 23.7°
Jul
15.1° / 24.6°
Aug
13.7° / 25.1°
Sep
12° / 20.9°
Oct
4.9° / 12.1°
Nov
1.7° / 6.5°
Dec
0.3° / 4.1°

Precipitation & Snow (2025)

48Jan
12Feb
36Mar
25Apr
77May
75Jun
134Jul
36Aug
52Sep
72Oct
53Nov
26Dec
Rain (mm) Snow (cm)

Atmospheric Pressure (2025)

1003.3-1.5Jan
1015.8+11Feb
1004.3-0.5Mar
1004.9+0.1Apr
1001.5-3.3May
1004.4-0.4Jun
999.2-5.6Jul
1003.4-1.4Aug
1007.5+2.7Sep
1001.9-2.9Oct
1003.3-1.5Nov
1008.4+3.6Dec

Thunderstorm Days (2025)

0Jan
0Feb
0Mar
0Apr
0May
0Jun
0Jul
0Aug
0Sep
0Oct
0Nov
0Dec

Wind Speed (2025)

Jan
17.7
Feb
12.9
Mar
15.3
Apr
17
May
15.9
Jun
19.8
Jul
16
Aug
15.1
Sep
14.9
Oct
18
Nov
12.4
Dec
14.9

Air Quality — Monthly Averages (2025)

MetricJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
PM2.5 μg/m³28.638.828.813.49.16.77.58.210.21630.531.7
PM10 μg/m³31.7423216.1118.59.611.212.718.834.535.7
O₃ μg/m³37.941.151.769.167.97171.468.25841.726.828.6
NO₂ μg/m³17.820.616.48.49.16.49.79.191419.317.9
SO₂ μg/m³9.712.68.94.63.41.922.32.95.18.19
CO μg/m³329405314201172157161172176222318330

Pollen Levels — Monthly (2025)

TypeJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Grass00017432361000
Birch002413680000000
Alder0121000000000
Ragweed000000034000
Mugwort00000013140000
Olive000000000000

⛰️ Highest Elevation

▲
Northwestern peak of Rysy2499 m / 8,199 ft

  • Map Locations: Google Maps | OpenStreetMap

People & Society

Total Population36,687,353Density: 119.79 / km²
Annual Growth Rate-0.37%Population Decline
Life Expectancy78.26 yrsAverage lifespan at birth
Fertility Rate1.2Births per woman



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